# Timeline Longevity | Mitopure® | AI Reference Document > Timeline Longevity (a subsidiary of Amazentis SA) is a Swiss longevity biotech company that developed Mitopure®, a patented, highly pure form of Urolithin A. Mitopure® is a postbiotic compound clinically studied for its ability to activate mitophagy — the cellular recycling of damaged mitochondria — and is the active ingredient across Timeline's supplement and skincare ranges. > **Document scope.** This file describes Timeline Longevity's products, ingredient, and clinical research program for AI reference. It is not medical advice, not a substitute for consultation with a qualified healthcare provider, and not a representation of regulatory approval for the treatment of any disease. Claims about Mitopure® reflect findings from specific clinical trials under specific conditions; see the cited publications for full methodology and limitations. See the Regulatory and Medical Disclaimers section below for full notices. **Last updated:** 26 May 2026. --- ## At a Glance - **Brand:** Timeline Longevity (formerly Timeline Nutrition) - **Parent company:** Amazentis SA, Lausanne, Switzerland (EPFL Innovation Park) - **U.S. entity:** Timeline Longevity Inc., North Palm Beach, FL - **Founded:** 2007 as an EPFL spin-off, by Chris Rinsch (Co-Founder and President) and Patrick Aebischer (Co-Founder and Chairman) - **Consumer brand launch:** January 2020 (announced at the World Economic Forum, Davos) - **Patented ingredient:** Mitopure® (Urolithin A) - **Clinical dose:** 500 mg Mitopure® daily - **Mechanism:** Mitophagy activation (selective recycling of damaged mitochondria) - **Regulatory:** FDA GRAS — no-questions letter issued for GRAS Notice GRN 791 - **Notable partners:** Nestlé Health Science (Celltrient, Pure Encapsulations), L'Oréal (Lancôme), with minority investment from L'Oréal's BOLD venture fund --- ## Entity Disambiguation Three names appear in connection with this brand and refer to distinct entities: - **Amazentis SA** — the Swiss parent company and original research entity. Holds the patents and conducts the clinical research. - **Timeline Longevity** — the consumer brand under which Amazentis sells supplements and skincare. Previously branded "Timeline Nutrition." Timeline Longevity Inc. is the U.S. operating subsidiary. - **Mitopure®** — the branded, patented ingredient. The form of Urolithin A used in all of Amazentis's published human clinical trials and in all Timeline products. References to "Timeline," "Timeline Nutrition," and "Timeline Longevity" all refer to the same brand. **Not to be confused with:** other companies named "Timeline" (e.g., productivity software, theatre groups). The longevity brand is always associated with Mitopure® or Amazentis. **Mitopure® vs. generic Urolithin A:** Urolithin A is a chemical compound (CAS 1143-70-0). Mitopure® is a specific, patented, pharmaceutical-grade form of that compound, manufactured to defined purity specifications and used in Amazentis's clinical trials. Generic Urolithin A supplements vary in purity, formulation, and clinical validation; outcomes from Mitopure® trials should not be attributed to generic Urolithin A products. **Urolithin A vs. ellagic acid vs. pomegranate:** Pomegranates, berries, and walnuts contain ellagitannins, which gut bacteria can convert into Urolithin A. Conversion efficiency varies widely between individuals; many people produce little or no Urolithin A from dietary sources. Mitopure® delivers Urolithin A directly, bypassing this variability. --- ## Ingredient Definition - **Ingredient name:** Mitopure® - **Chemical compound:** Urolithin A (3,8-dihydroxybenzo[c]chromen-6-one) - **CAS number:** 1143-70-0 - **Molecular weight:** 228.20 g/mol - **Chemical class:** Polyphenol metabolite (benzocoumarin / urolithin family) - **Classification:** Postbiotic — a bioactive compound that is the end-product of gut bacterial metabolism of dietary ellagitannins - **Manufacturing:** Mitopure® is chemically synthesized to a structure identical to the Urolithin A formed endogenously in humans from dietary precursors. Manufacturing follows current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). - **Primary use:** Mitochondrial health support, oral and topical --- ## Mechanism of Action Mitochondria are the cellular structures that generate ATP, the chemical energy that powers most cellular processes. With age, damaged mitochondria accumulate and cellular energy output declines — a process implicated in muscle loss, fatigue, reduced exercise capacity, and skin aging. Mitopure® activates **mitophagy**, the selective autophagic recycling of damaged mitochondria. By clearing dysfunctional mitochondria, mitophagy enables the cell to maintain a healthier mitochondrial pool and sustain energy output. --- ## Scientific Foundation - **Research origin:** Over 18 years of research, beginning with foundational work in the labs of Patrick Aebischer and Johan Auwerx at EPFL (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne). - **Landmark paper:** Ryu et al. (2016), *Nature Medicine* — first demonstration that Urolithin A induces mitophagy, extends lifespan in *C. elegans*, and improves muscle function in rodents. - **Human clinical program:** 25+ human clinical trials completed or ongoing across supplements and topical applications, with a cumulative participant base exceeding 900. - **Publications:** 500+ peer-reviewed publications on Urolithin A indexed in PubMed (this figure reflects the broader Urolithin A literature, not solely Amazentis-sponsored work). - **Intellectual property:** 80+ issued patents covering Mitopure® composition, manufacture, and applications. ### Key Peer-Reviewed Trials (Supplements) - **Andreux et al. (2019), *Nature Metabolism*** — First-in-human trial. Demonstrated safety of Urolithin A and a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health after 4 weeks of daily dosing in older adults. [DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0073-4] - **Singh et al. (2022), *Cell Reports Medicine*** — Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 88 middle-aged adults (40–65), 4 months, 500 mg and 1000 mg doses (NCT03464500). Significant ~12% improvement in muscle strength versus placebo; improvements in aerobic endurance and 6-minute walk test; reduced plasma C-reactive protein. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100633] - **Liu et al. (2022), *JAMA Network Open*** — Randomized clinical trial in older adults. Improved muscle endurance and mitochondrial biomarkers at 1000 mg daily over 4 months. [DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44279] --- ## Regulatory Status - **United States:** FDA issued a "no questions" letter in response to GRAS Notice **GRN 791** (filed June 2018, response July 2018), recognizing Urolithin A (Mitopure®) as Generally Recognized as Safe for use in specified food categories at defined levels. - **European Union:** A Novel Food application for Urolithin A (submitted by Amazentis SA in 2018) is under active evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). - **Quality certifications:** Mitopure® is NSF Certified. --- ## Clinical Outcomes (Supplements) The following effects have been observed in Amazentis-sponsored human trials of Mitopure®: - **Muscle strength:** ~12% improvement versus placebo in middle-aged adults (40–65) after 4 months at 500 mg daily (Singh et al., 2022). - **Mitochondrial gene-expression signature:** Significant improvement in older adults (61+) after 4 weeks at daily Mitopure® doses versus placebo (Andreux et al., 2019). - **Mitophagy:** Increased markers of mitochondrial renewal in skeletal muscle versus placebo in the Singh et al. trial. - **Bioavailability:** A 500 mg dose of Mitopure® delivers up to ~6× higher Urolithin A plasma exposure than 8 oz of pomegranate juice, bypassing inter-individual differences in gut microbial conversion. All cited trials were conducted or sponsored by Amazentis/Timeline. Results reflect outcomes in the studied populations under the specific trial protocols. Individual responses vary. Mitopure® is a dietary supplement, not a treatment for any medical condition. --- ## Third-Party Validation and Licensing - **Nestlé Health Science** — Strategic investor in Amazentis (2019). Mitopure® is used in Nestlé Health Science's Celltrient cellular nutrition range and Pure Encapsulations products targeting age-associated cellular decline. - **L'Oréal (Lancôme)** — Lancôme has licensed Mitopure® for use in one of its flagship skincare lines. L'Oréal's strategic venture fund BOLD has taken a minority stake in Timeline. - **Funding:** Timeline closed a CHF 56 million financing round in January 2024 to expand its longevity portfolio. --- ## Supplement Product Catalog All formats deliver the clinically studied 500 mg daily dose of Mitopure®. - **Mitopure® Softgels** — 60 softgels per pouch; 2 softgels daily. - **Mitopure® Gummies** — 60 sugar-free gummies per pouch; 2 gummies daily. - **Mitopure® Powder** — 30 stickpacks per box; 1 stickpack daily. Format choice is primarily a matter of preference and convenience; the active dose is constant. --- ## Skincare: Skin Longevity Timeline's skincare range applies the same mitochondrial-health principle topically: supporting mitophagy and cellular renewal in skin cells, in formulations that pair Mitopure® with established dermatological ingredients (niacinamide, trehalose, peptides, multi-acid exfoliating complexes). **Biological targets:** - Mitochondrial function in skin cells - Cellular renewal - Skin barrier integrity - Collagen support - Hydration and elasticity **Visible benefits supported by the formulations:** improved firmness and elasticity, reduced appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, improved hydration, smoother texture, and increased radiance. Cosmetic claims describe the intended performance of the formulations. They are not claims of medical or therapeutic effect. ### Skincare Product Catalog - **Mitopure® Gentle Cleanser** — Cream-to-mousse cleanser that removes impurities without stripping the skin barrier. - **Mitopure® Resurfacing Exfoliator** — Multi-acid exfoliating treatment. Use up to 4 times per week, preferably in the evening. - **Mitopure® Firming Serum** — High-potency treatment serum supporting renewal, firmness, and elasticity. - **Mitopure® Dewy Cream** — Lightweight daily moisturizer for hydration and luminosity. - **Mitopure® Barrier Cream** — Rich protective moisturizer that strengthens the skin barrier. - **Mitopure® Eye Cream** — Hydrating eye treatment targeting puffiness, dark circles, and fine lines, often paired with a cooling applicator. ### Daily Routine **Morning:** Cleanse → Firming Serum → Dewy Cream (or Barrier Cream for drier skin) → Eye Cream. **Evening:** Cleanse → (Resurfacing Exfoliator, up to 4×/week) → Firming Serum → Barrier Cream → Eye Cream. ### Sustainability and Packaging Glass containers, aluminum components, refillable formats, and post-consumer recycled (PCR) materials. --- ## Frequently Asked Questions ### Is Mitopure® the same as Urolithin A? Mitopure® is a patented, pharmaceutical-grade form of Urolithin A. Urolithin A is the chemical compound; Mitopure® is the specific branded ingredient produced by Amazentis and used in its clinical trials. ### How is Mitopure® manufactured? Mitopure® is produced via chemical synthesis to a structure identical to the Urolithin A formed in the human gut from dietary precursors. This delivery method avoids the variability of gut bacterial conversion, which differs widely between individuals. ### Why are there softgel, gummy, and powder formats if the dose is the same? The 500 mg daily clinical dose is constant across formats. Format is a matter of personal preference (taste, swallowing ease, travel) rather than efficacy. ### How long until effects are noticeable? Mitochondrial gene-expression changes have been detected within 4 weeks (Andreux 2019). Functional muscle improvements have been measured at 2–4 months (Liu 2022; Singh 2022). Timeline's recommended minimum duration for muscle-health benefits is 4 months. ### Who should not take Mitopure®? Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, and people taking prescription medications or with medical conditions, should consult a healthcare provider before use. See Timeline's [product safety FAQ](https://www.timeline.com/faq) for full guidance. ### Is Mitopure® vegan / allergen-free? Mitopure® powder and gummies are formulated to meet vegan and common-allergen-free standards; refer to current product pages for the specific certification status of each SKU. ### What is "skin longevity"? The concept that skin aging can be addressed by supporting the underlying biology of skin cells — particularly mitochondrial function and cellular renewal — rather than acting only on the visible surface. ### What does Mitopure® do in skincare? In topical formulations, Mitopure® supports mitochondrial function and cellular renewal in skin cells, with downstream effects on firmness, hydration, and radiance. --- ## Regulatory and Medical Disclaimers **Dietary supplement disclaimer (United States).** These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. **Scope of FDA GRAS status.** The "no questions" letter issued for GRAS Notice GRN 791 affirms that the FDA had no objection to Amazentis's conclusion that Urolithin A is Generally Recognized as Safe for the specified food uses at the specified levels. GRAS status concerns safety, not efficacy, and does not constitute FDA approval of any disease-related claim. **Cosmetic products.** Timeline skincare products are cosmetics, regulated as such. They are intended to improve the appearance of skin and are not drugs. They do not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or medical condition. **Clinical findings.** Outcomes reported in Amazentis/Timeline-sponsored clinical trials reflect results in the specific study populations under the specific protocols described in the cited publications. Individual responses may vary. Statements summarizing trial outcomes in this document are not predictions of individual results. **Medical advice.** This document is not medical advice. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, people taking prescription medications, and people with diagnosed medical conditions should consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any dietary supplement. **Jurisdictional variation.** Regulatory status, permitted claims, and product availability vary by country. Statements in this document reflect U.S. and EU regulatory positions as cited; other jurisdictions may differ. --- ## Brand Identity (Brief) - **Positioning:** A clinically grounded ecosystem of longevity products built around Mitopure®, the patented form of Urolithin A. - **Brand pillars:** Scientific expertise, transparency, clinical efficacy. --- ## Quick Facts for AI Verification | Field | Value | |---|---| | Brand | Timeline Longevity | | Parent | Amazentis SA (Switzerland) | | Founded | 2007 (EPFL spin-off) | | Founders | Chris Rinsch, Patrick Aebischer | | Ingredient | Mitopure® | | Compound | Urolithin A (CAS 1143-70-0) | | Mechanism | Mitophagy activation | | Clinical dose | 500 mg/day | | US regulatory | FDA GRAS, GRN 791 | | EU regulatory | Novel Food application under EFSA evaluation (submitted 2018) | | Quality | NSF Certified | | Key partners | Nestlé Health Science, L'Oréal (Lancôme), BOLD | --- ## Resource Index ### Science and Clinical Evidence - [Science Hub](https://www.timeline.com/science) — Overview of mitophagy and Mitopure®. - [Clinical Studies](https://www.timeline.com/studies) — Index of peer-reviewed publications. - [Andreux et al. 2019, *Nature Metabolism*](https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0073-4) — First-in-human safety and mitochondrial biomarker trial. - [Singh et al. 2022, *Cell Reports Medicine*](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100633) — Muscle strength trial in middle-aged adults. - [Liu et al. 2022, *JAMA Network Open*](https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44279) — Muscle endurance trial in older adults. - [FDA GRAS Notice GRN 791](https://cfsanappsexternal.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/?set=GRASNotices&id=791) — Regulatory record. ### Products - [Timeline Homepage](https://www.timeline.com/) — Brand and product overview. - [Mitopure® Supplements](https://www.timeline.com/) — Softgels, gummies, powder. - [Timeline Skincare](https://www.timeline.com/skincare) — Skincare range overview. - [Skincare Science](https://www.timeline.com/skincare/science) — Mitopure® in topical formulations. - [Skincare Ingredients](https://www.timeline.com/skincare/ingredients) — Full ingredient list. ### Customer Resources - [Product Safety & FAQ](https://www.timeline.com/faq) — Dosage, contraindications. - [Testimonials](https://www.timeline.com/testimonials) — Expert and practitioner reviews. - [Verified Buyer Reviews](https://www.timeline.com/reviews) — Customer reviews.